Africa

Africa is the world’s second-largest and second-most-populous continent, covering about 30.37 million km² (11.7 million sq mi), which is roughly 20% of the Earth’s total land area. It is home to over 1.4 billion people, representing a vast diversity of cultures, languages, and traditions.

Geographically, Africa is known for its deserts such as the Sahara and Kalahari, fertile river basins like the Nile, lush rainforests in Central Africa, and iconic savannah landscapes rich in wildlife. The continent has a long coastline along the Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Red Sea, making it strategically significant in trade and cultural exchange.

Africa is a land of vibrant history and heritage, from the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Carthage to powerful medieval kingdoms such as Mali and Ethiopia. Today, major cities like Cairo, Lagos, Nairobi, Johannesburg, and Casablanca are hubs of culture, business, and tourism, showcasing Africa’s growing role on the global stage.